R76-1 Icyifuzo Mpuzamahanga Kubidafite AutomaticIbikoresho bipimaikora zeru na zeru gushiraho ikibazo cyingirakamaro cyane, kandi ntigaragaza gusa ibisabwa byo gupimwa, ariko kandi nibisabwa mubuhanga, kuko guhagarara kwingingo ya zeru yibikoresho byose bipima ni garanti shingiro yimikorere yo gupima.Amagambo akurikira afitanye isano rya hafi na zeru, turasobanura, dusesengure.
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(3) Igikoresho cya Zeru: Igikoresho gishyiraho agaciro kerekanwe kuri zeru mugihe nta mutwaro uhari.Ku munzani wa elegitoronike, harimo: igikoresho cyikora-zero-cyuma, igikoresho cya zeru cyikora, igikoresho cya mbere cya zeru, igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zero.
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(6) Igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru: igikoresho gihita gikomeza zeru cyerekana agaciro murwego runaka.Igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru nigikoresho cya zeru cyikora.
Igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru gishobora kugira leta enye: oya, ntabwo ikora, ikora, hanze yimikorere.
Igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru cyemerewe gukora iyo:
- Agaciro kerekanwe ni zeru, cyangwa bihwanye nagaciro keza keza iyo uburemere rusange ari zeru;
- kandi impirimbanyi iri mu gutuza;
- gukosora ntabwo birenze 0.5 e / s.
1. Ikizamini cya zeru ikurikirana
Nkubwinshi bwibicuruzwa bingana na elegitoronike mubushinwa muri iki gihe, hari igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru, bityo rero hakenewe kugerageza zeru yibibazo, ugomba kwemeza ko gukurikirana zeru bidashobora gukora.Noneho, igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru "ntigikora" inzira yonyine ni ugushira uburemere runaka bwumutwaro hafi ya zeru, kugirango zeru ikurikirane kurenza ibikorwa byayo.
(1) kugena igipimo cyo gukosora ibikoresho bya zeru bikurikirana
Bitewe nubuziranenge bujyanye nuburyo bukurikizwa muburyo bwa zeru ikurikirana ntagenwa muburyo, wasanze hari abantu bamwe kuri iki gitekerezo, bongera ubushake bwo gukosora, kugirango igikoresho cyo gupima gisubire kuri zeru byihuse, kugirango bikurikirane kwerekana ko ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byibicuruzwa byihariye ari byiza.Kubwiyi mpamvu, umwanditsi yavuze muri make mubikorwa nyabyo byuburyo, urashobora kwihuta mumurima kugirango urebe igipimo cya zeru ikurikirana.
Zimya ingufu, uhagarike byibuze 30min, shyira umutwaro wa 10e kumutwara imizigo, kugirango igipimo "zero ikurikirana" kitari mubikorwa.Koresha witonze umutwaro 0.3e mugihe kingana na 2s hanyuma urebe agaciro.
Nyuma yimitwaro 3 ikurikiranye 0.3e, igipimo cyerekana ubwiyongere bugaragara bwigice kimwe, byerekana ko igikoresho kidakora cyangwa kidakora.
Niba igipimo kidahinduye bigaragara agaciro nyuma yimitwaro 3 ya 0.3e, igice kiracyakora kandi gikurikirana ubugororangingo muri 0.5e / s.
Noneho, kura witonze gukuramo imitwaro 3 0.3e kandi igipimo kigomba kwerekana igabanuka rikomeye ryigabana rimwe.
Kuki imizigo 3 0.3e ikoreshwa?
Umutwaro 0.3e uri munsi yikigereranyo cya 0.5e / s;n'imizigo 3 0.3e irenze 0.5e / s kandi munsi yikigereranyo cyo gukosora cya 1e / s (kuko igipimo gikenewe cyo gukosorwa cyongerewe kuri 0.5e / s intera).
(2) Shyira muburyo bwihariye umutwaro urenze zeru ikurikirana
R76, mugihe cyikizamini kivugwa, byasabye umutwaro wa 10e gushyirwa hejuru ya zeru ikurikirana.Kuberiki utari 5e imizigo, kuki utaba 2e?
Nubwo mubyifuzo mpuzamahanga n'amabwiriza yacu abigenga ateganijwe neza ko igipimo cyo gukosora ibikoresho bya zeru gikurikiranwa kigomba kuba "0.5e / s", ariko abakora ibikoresho byinshi bipima, muruganda rwibikoresho ntibashyizeho igipimo cyo gukosora ibikoresho bikurikirana kuri zeru kuri iyi ngingo.Ndetse nabamwe mubapima ibikoresho bipima, bashyizeho igipimo ntarengwa cyo gukosora (kurubu reba igipimo ntarengwa cyo gukosora cya 6e / s).
Kugenzura neza
Niba igikoresho cyo gupima kidafite umurimo wo gukurikirana zeru, cyangwa hari uburyo bwihariye bwo gufunga igikoresho cyo gukurikirana zeru, mugushakisha “zeru zeru” na “ikosa rya zeru”, nta mpamvu yo gushyira umutwaro wongeyeho (10e).Ikibazo nuko ibyinshi mubikoresho bipima mubushinwa bidafite ibikoresho bya switch bishobora gufunga igikoresho cya zeru, kandi byose bifite imikorere ya zeru, kugirango rero tubone ikosa rya zeru, tugomba gushyiraho umutwaro wongeyeho .Ibi bivamo "hafi ya zeru" zeru neza.Shyira muburyo bukurikira 0.1e uburemere bwinyongera kugeza igihe agaciro kiyongereye cyane kugabana kamwe (I + e), hamwe nuburemere bwibindi byiyongereye ni ∆L, kuburyo ikosa rya zeru ari: E0 = 10e + 0.5e-∆L-10e = 0.5e-∆L≤ ± 0.25e.Niba igiteranyo cyibipimo byiyongereye ari 0.4e, noneho: E0 = 0.5e-0.4e = 0.1e <± 0.25e..
3. Ibisobanuro byo kumenya ukuri kwa zeru
Intego yo kumenya neza niba igenamiterere rya zeru ari ukureba niba kubara “ikosa ryo gukosora mbere yo gukosorwa” ryarangiye muri gahunda yo guhitamo.Iyo ugenzuye neza igipimo, ikosa ryabanjirije gukosora rishobora kuboneka na formula: E = I + 0.5e-∆LL.Kugirango umenye neza ikosa kurwego rwihariye rwo gupima igipimo, birakenewe gukosorwa nikosa rya zeru, ni ukuvuga: Ec = E-E0≤MPE.
Nyuma yo gukosora ikosa ryibipimo byapimwe nikosa rya point ya zeru, birashoboka gukosora agaciro karenze gato ikosa ryemewe ryemewe nkuko byujuje ibisabwa, cyangwa gukosora agaciro gasa nkaho kari mubipimo byujuje ibyangombwa.Ariko, tutitaye ko gukosorwa byujuje ibyangombwa cyangwa bitujuje ibisabwa, intego yo gukoresha ikosa rya zeru ikosorwa ni ugukora ibisubizo byikizamini hafi yukuri kwukuri.
4. Kumenya Ikosa rya Zeru
Mbere ya byose, kalibrasi igomba kumenya ikosa rya zeru yibipimo murubu buryo: mbere yo gukuraho umutwaro wose mubatwara imizigo yikigereranyo, birakenewe gushyira umutwaro wa 10e kumutwaro, hanyuma ukuraho umutwaro uhereye kubatwara imizigo, hanyuma ushireho 0.1e uburemere bwinyongera murutonde kugeza igihe bigaragara ko agaciro kiyongereye nigice kimwe (I + e), hamwe no kwegeranya ibiro byiyongereye ni ∆L, hanyuma umenye ikosa rya zeru ukurikije uburyo bwa ingingo yaka, E = 10e + 0.5 E = 10e + 0.5e-∆L-10e = 0.5e-∆L≤ ± 0.5e.Niba uburemere bwiyongereye bwegeranya 0.8e, noneho: E0 = 0.5e-0.8e = -0.3e <± 0.5e.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-14-2023